"If there is no God, all is permitted" is a famous philosophical, often-quoted phrase linked to Fyodor Dostoevsky’s novel, The Brothers Karamazov.
Sounds simple doesn't it? For if there is no divine law-giver, than each of us is free to discern our own moral conduct. And if there is one thing I know to be true, the human heart is unparalleled when it comes to the ability to rationalize our own behavior.
The Russian novelist Dostoevsky in “The Brothers Karamazov” was deeply right when having another character comment on the skeptical Ivan Karamazov's intellectual position: "Crime must be considered not only as admissible but even as the logical and inevitable consequence of an atheist's position." Elsewhere, Dostoevsky has another character say: "Then, if there is no God, man becomes master of the earth and of the universe. That's great. But then, how can a man be virtuous without God? That's the snag, and I always come back to it. For whom will man love then? Whom will he be grateful to? . . . We, for instance, may think that virtue is one thing while the Chinese may believe it's something quite different. Isn't virtue something relative then?" The bloody history of the religiously skeptical yet politically fanatical 20th century shows this snag indeed caught atheists and agnostics: Wasn’t the Europe of the Nazis and Communists even morally darker than that of Medieval Catholicism at its collective worst?
